Kev ruaj khov thiab tshav qhov chaw nyob hauv cov khoom siv plastic yog qhov chaw siv txoj hauv kev tshwj xeej uas siv cov nuj nqub thiab lwm yam kev tsim los saib xyuas kev sib hloov ntawm kev sov thiab tshav. Qhov kev paub txog kho mob yog kev paub txog ntau yam kev ua zauv, xws li kev sov khiav rau hauv qhov chaw muaj zog, kev tshav tawg los ntawm kev sau hauv qhov chaw, thiab kev tshem tshem los ntawm kev rov qab. Kev xaiv cov ntaub ntawv yog tseem ceeb, nrog rau cov khoom siv xws li cov khoom siv ntau rau kev tshem tshem, cov chaw porous rau kev sov khiav, cellular foams rau kev tshav tawg, thiab cov khoom viscoelastic rau kev tshem tshem. Cov khoom polymeric xws li polyurethane foams, melamine resins, thiab fiber-reinforced composites muaj cov nuj nqub tshwj xeej uas tuaj yeem tsim rau cov kev xav tau tshwj xeej. Cov kev tsim kho rau kev ruaj khov feem ntau siv cov mass-spring systems uas muaj cov ntxoov ntxooj zoo nkhaus uas muaj cov ntxoov ntxooj sib txig thiab tsim kev tshem tshem, thaum cov kev xav txog geometry muaj cov teeb meem uas khiav kev sov. Cov kev tsim kho rau kev tshav tawg siv cov av nyob hauv foam structures lossis vacuum panels kom txo kev tshav los ntawm conduction thiab convection. Cov khoom siv composite tshwj xeej siv ntau yam kev ua haujlwm, xws li phase-change materials uas khiav tshav hauv qhov kev hloov chaw lossis non-Newtonian fluids uas muaj kev tshem tshem tshwj xeej. Cov kev tsim kho xws li injection molding nrog gas assist tsim cov chaw hollow uas pab tso tshaj tshav, thaum co-injection molding pub daws siv ntau yam khoom siv hauv ib qhov khoom. Cov kev siv khoom muaj ntau yam uas muaj feem ntau hauv automotive rau engine compartment insulation, construction rau building efficiency, appliances rau energy conservation, thiab industrial equipment rau noise control. Cov kev txheeb xyuas kev ua haujlwm siv cov kev txheeb xyuas standard rau sound transmission loss, noise reduction coefficient, thiab thermal resistance values. Kev tsim kho zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ruaj khov xav tau kev raug zoo ntawm acoustic/thermal performance thiab lwm yam kev xav tau xws li structural integrity, weight constraints, fire resistance, thiab environmental durability. Kev sib cuag ntawm kev ruaj khov properties hauv cov khoom siv plastic pab tso ntau yam kev ua haujlwm uas pab tso tseg energy efficiency, comfort, thiab regulatory compliance hauv ntau qhov chaw hauv lub ntiaj teb.