Lub npe 'thermal insulation zoo tshaj plaws' nyob ntawm qhov siv, vim tias tus khoom zoo tshaj plaws yog txiav txim los ntawm kev muaj cov kis tshaj tshuab thermal tsawg tshaj, txhawj xeeb rau qhov siv, thiab cov ntsiab lus txog kev ua haujlwm zoo li durability, safety, thiab cost-effectiveness. Nyob rau hauv daim duab pheej yig, cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws yog vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) uas muaj k-values nyob rau 0.004-0.008 W/m·K thiab aerogels nyob rau suav nrog 0.015-0.025 W/m·K. Cov khoom no tau ua kom zoo dua los ntawm kev sau ntxhiav ob peb hom kev sib txuas kis: conduction (los ntawm lub khí siv tsawg lossis lub solid uas muaj porosity ntau), convection (los ntawm kev tso cai rau gas hlo siv rau nano-pores), thiab radiation (los ntawm opacifiers). Tab sis, qhov 'zoo tshaj plaws' no feem ntau yog muaj caij nyoog; VIPs muaj sijhawm siv meej meem, tuaj yeem raug ntxuag, thiab nyuaj rau kho nrog rau sab nraud, thaum aerogels yog me me thiab nyuaj. Rau tib neeg tshwj tsis pub thiab kev tshen duab tsev tshwj tsis pub, cov insulation zoo tshaj plaws yog kev nyiaj ib ncig nrog R-value siab, xws li closed-cell spray polyurethane foam (ccSPF), thiab kev nyiam ncaj ncees ntev. Rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm uas muaj kis siab, microporous boards lossis calcium silicate yog yam zoo tshaj plaws. Rau qhov siv uas xav tau kev nyiam ncaj ncees nrog insulation, xws li thermal break strips rau aluminum profiles, lub glass-filled polyamide (PA66 GF30) uas muaj k-value nyob rau ~0.3 W/m·K yog considered among the best vim nws nyiam ncaj ncees kis thermal tsawg nrog kev nyiam ncaj ncees meej meem thiab kev tsim kho. Yog li, cov 'insulation zoo tshaj plaws' tsis yog ib yam khoom, tab sis yog yam uas ua tau zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov kev xav tau txwv tsis pub ntawm thermal performance, mechanical properties, fire rating, moisture resistance, installation feasibility, lifecycle cost, thiab environmental impact rau ib qho kev tshen duab, txhawj xeeb tias qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txiav txim siab kom muaj kev nyiam ncaj ncees.