Yuav tsum muaj dab tsi lub sijhawm xwv tshaj tseem ceeb rau kev ntxhua plastik rau kev tsim kab ntim dej thiab duab?

Cov rooj tes ntawm hluv nyob rau hauv kev txhim kho kev ntxhua plastik

Kev txiav txim tias tiam ntawm tus nqi uas tseem ceeb heev thaum tsav tsheb kho rau kev lag luam nyob rau hauv kev tsav tsheb extrusion. Kev sib dhau ntawm cov khoom siv, yam li cas cov molekul tseem nyob ib si, thiab yog tias kev siv kub tau siv raws li qhov xav tau, tag nrho no nyob ntawm kev daws teeb meem kub. Txog li 18% ntawm kev lag luam tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm kev hloov chaw kub, raws li cov ntaub ntawv nram qha ntawm kev lag luam polymer xyuas ntxiv nram qha tam sim no. Rau kev tsav tsheb extrusion tam sim no, muaj peb qhov chaw uas kev saib xyuas kub yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Thaum thawj, kom paub tseeb tias plastic tau kub tas li ntawm system. Tom qab ntawd yog kev saib xyuas kev nqes siab thaum cov khoom siv ncav ncav, uas cuam tshuam ob yam: txoj cai thiab hom. Thiab thaum kawg, kev saib xyuas qhov chaw sib txawv hauv lub extruder barrels yog qhov tseem ceeb kom nyob ib si nyob rau hauv kev tsav tsheb.

Yam li cas tus nqi kub txiav txim siab kev kub tas li thiab kev sib piv zoo

Kev txiav txim siab ntawm uas tshuab kub ntau los sis tsawg hauv qhov chaw sib txawv tau kev pab lub zog rau cov dundob thaum siv. Ntau tus neeg tsov txhim kho muaj kev xav kom tshuab kub sov dua nyob rau hauv qhov 170 mus 240 degrees Celsius thaum siv cov dundob kho. Qhov kev siv no tuaj yeem tso kom cov khoom tsis tau kub ntau hauv qhov chaw nres, tab sis yuav tsum tau kub tag rau hauv qhov chaw muaj peev xwm. Yog tias kub tsis zoo ib yam, peb feem ntau pom cov dundob PA6 thiab lwm yam polyamides uas tsis tau kub tag, uas feem ntau yuav ua rau qhov thermal barrier strips poob ntev. Lub ntsiab lus sawv cev tias kev siv cov caij kub uas tau txhim kho zoo tuaj yeem pab kub zoo dua li 27% ntau dua li cov system single zone ntag ntxig. Qhov no muaj kev pab ntau rau lub zog thiab tuaj yeem tso kom kev tsim khoom zoo ib txwm.

Kev Siv Barrel Zone thiab Qhov Kev Pab rau Kev Tso Khoom thiab Kev Nyob Zoo

Extruders feem ntau yog xaiv tshiab rau ob peb qhov chaw uas muaj kev tshuab kub:

• Dav hlau tso (120-160 ° C): Sib txuas nrog thiab tsis txhob sib ntxig
• Dav hlau kom meej (180-220 ° C): pab tso siab rau kev sib chaw nyob hauv qhov dav hlau
• Dav hlau muaj peev xwm (200-240 ° C): Tso kom meej meej rau kev sib tshuam thiab tso kom muaj kev tshwm sim zoo txaus

Qhov tsis sib xws ntawm teeb li cas tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau kev tso cua, uas yog qhov tso cua tso tseg uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau kev tsis meej meej txog 32% hauv cov khoom siv meej meej xws li thermal barriers.

Sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev sib tshuam thiab kev sib chaw rau kev tshwm sim zoo txaus

Qhov dav hlau muaj 60-70% ntawm kev tso hlau tso cua, thaum qhov kawg tseem tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib chaw hauv qhov dav hlau. Kev siv ntau dua li yuav tsum tau tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau kev tso cua ntau, PA6 yuav tsis zoo tshaj taub hneev dua 260 ° C, uas tshwm sim rau kev tsis zoo ntawm nws lub neej. Rau kev tso kom meej meej, cov neeg siv khoom siv kev ua zoo tshaj plaws xws li:

• Tso tus lej hlau ntawm barrel rau 10-15 ° C saud qhov lej tso hlau tseem ceeb
• Kev soj ntsuam tus nqi ntawm motor raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib chaw
• Siv cov cuab yeej soj ntsuas viscosity rau kev coob yuav thiab kho kom raug

Txoj kev tshuam xwm no txo kev siv hluav taws xob los ntawm 22% thaum twg pib tau txoj cai uas tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm tsim nyog ntawm ± 1.5 ° C hauv kev ua haujlwm tas li.

Cov luj, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov chaw sib npaug rau cov dundeej polymers

Hom dundeej thiab kev coob yuav viscosity: Sib piv qhov txias nrog characteristics ntawm resin

PVC thiab lwm yam hom polymer amorphous feem ntau xav tau kev sib txuas siab kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem rau kev sib txuas siab. Cov khoom semicrystalline zoo li PA6 ua haujlwm zoo dua thaum tso kev sib txuas siab ntev, kom lawv tuaj yeem dhau lub teeb li cas tsis muaj teeb meem ntawm lub teeb glass transition. Ib qho kev sim tsham tseem pheej tshij hais tias kev hloov pauv tus degrees Celsius ntawm ib puag ncig barrel los ntawm 10 degrees rau PA6 nyuaj siab cuam tshuam viscosity differences los ntawm li 18%. Qhov kev hloov no ua rau muaj qhov txiaj ntsig txaug hauv kquality hauv kev tsim kho. Rau cov neeg tsim khoom siv rau cov neeg muaj kev puas tsuaj siab, feem ntau lawv tsim kho ntau tshaj li 15 los 20 degrees ntawm cov resins tsha tshaj. Qhov no pab tswj qhov ceev ntawm kev sib ntxiv ntawm thawj yam ntawm kev tshuab tso tawm, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tau txais qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim kho.

Cov Xaiv Siv Tshaj Tawm Rau Cov Resin Tsav Tsheb Ua Haujlwm Yog Siv Rau Cov Kab Kev Ruaj

Cov kev tso cai tshwj tsis tshaj tawm xaiv cov cai tshaj tawm rau cov khoom siv tshaj tawm:

• PVC compound: 170-200 ° C (338-392 ° F), zog tshuaj ntxuav tsawg dua 2%
• PA6 kev txhim kho: 245-255 ° C (473-491 ° F), siv roj teeb 30:1 L/D
• Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS): 300-320 ° C (572-608 ° F), nitrogen purge

Kev test extrusion ntawm 2024 tau qhia tias qhov sib txawv uas loj dua ± 5 ° C yuav cuam tshwm siab rau kev tsis nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov duab fiberglass los ntawm 22%.

Cov ceev faj thiab lub npe ntawm kev sib tw thiab kev kawv ceeb hauv cov polymer tiv thaiv

Thaum cov khoom siv los ntawm PVC lossis PA6 txuas ntev hnyav tshaj plua tshaj nyob rau hauv qhov kev tsim kho, lawv yuav pib sib tshab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas tsis tuaj yeem rov qhov dav dua. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim tias cov khoom siv tau nyob nrog lub kais uas ntxuav ntxuav heev, tshpecially yog tias lub kais no tsim kho nyob siab dua 240 degrees Celsius rau PVC. Ib qho teeb meem ib yam nkaus yog tias lub screw nyob hauv chaw tsim kho tsis muaj lubrication zoo, uas tsim tau sib tshooj ntxuav uas tsis muaj leej twg xav tau. Muaj qhov sawv cev tias muaj something sai nyob rau hauv qhov kev pom. Piv txwv li, PVC feem ntau yuav pib hlau tshaj thaum nws tau ntxuav ntxuav heev, thaum PA6 feem ntau tso caij rau hauv cov khoom tiav. Thiab tom qab ntawd muaj cov fisheye defects uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov khoom tiav. Ib qho kev suav tshiab uas tshwm nyob rau xyoo 2023 tau suav txog qhov no thiab tau pom cov lus tseem ceeb. Lawv pom tias PA6 tseg nyob rau hauv qhov ntxuav ntxuav siab dua 270 degrees Celsius yuav sib tshab li 25% ntawm nws qhov zog tom qab 15 feeb. Tom qab ntawd, thaum PVC tau ntxuav ntxuav siab dua, nws pib tso cov fumes hydrochloric acid uas cov neeg ua haujlwm tuaj yeem pom thiab tsis xav sau hauv.

Kawm Txoj Cai Ua Ntej Pib Kom Tsoom Pub Rau Kev Ruaj Khov Thiab Qhij Chaw

Kev nrhiav kom pom qhov tsis loj thiab tsis ntau ntawm kub tshaj plaws rau kev txhim kho siv nyuj yaj tiam siab hauv kev tsim khoom. Thaum siv PA6 barrier strips, ntau tus neeg tsim khoom xav kom sau hauv qhov chaw muaj kub ntawm 250 mus 265 degrees Celsius. Qhov kub no pab kom nyuj yaj tau ua tiav zoo, tsis tas fear tias yuav muaj pyrolysis. Ntau lub chaw tsim khoom tshiab tau siv PID controllers uas tuaj yeem tso kub nyob hauv qhov tsis sai los sai 1.5 degrees. Lawv cov chaw tshiab no txo tau dab tsi thermal overshoot los ntawm 40% hnub nyoog dua li kev siv thermocouple methods dhau los. Neeg tso khoom kuj siv melt pressure sensors rau kev soj ntsuam nyob hauv yam kev tsim khoom, vim li ntawd lawv tuaj yeem hloov kho kev xaiv thaum siv nyuj yaj sib txawv. Kev hloov kho no nyob hauv kev sib hloov yuav pab txo cov khoom tsis txaus zoo thiab pab ruaj khov qhij chaw ntawm txhua qhov.

Thaub Txoj Kev Sib Thooj Sib Luag Ua Ntau Thiab Kev Tso Zog Hlauv Nyob Rau Hauv Kev Chawg Kawg Kawg

Thaum lub srew tshuab tuaj ntev dua li 80 RPM, lub teb chaws yuav cuam tshuaj nyob rau hauv 8 mus rau 12 degrees Celsius vim kev sib thooj sib luag, tshwj tsis yog thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv PA6. Lub tshuab industry tau pom tias muaj kev tswj tau ntawm no. Ntau tus neeg tsim khoom tam sim no tau xaiv tshuab srew siv dej txo hluav taws xob thiab cov rooj saib xyuas zoo dua. Lawv tus kev pab ntau lawv tshuab tso khoom ntau dua li 12% tab sis tsis pub tshaj tshav kub uas tsim nyog. Nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm ib qhov kev sim los ntawm 2022, cov neeg tsim khoom tau pom ib qhov yooj yim. Thaum lawv sib sau nrog kev hloov pauv lub srew tshuab nrog kev txo hluav taws xob zoo, lub meem khoom tsis zoo tau hloov siab dua li 18% hauv kev tsim khoom PA6 tshuab chawg kawg kawg. Qhov kev pab loj no tuaj yeem pab ntau hauv ob qhov chaw: kev daws meem khoom thiab kev lag luam rau tib neeg tsim khoom.

Daim Puv Ntawv: Nrhiav Kom Pom Zoo Nyob Rau Hauv Kev Chawg Khoom PA6 Ua Haujlwm Rau Kev Tso Zog Hlauv

Kev Txwv Txwm Kawg: Kev Tswj Hauv Chaw thiab Kev Sauv Ntawm PA6 Strips

Kev tswj temperatura yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev tsim PA6 yog tias peb xav kom kho tib neeg los ntawm kev ntxaij nyob xws li kev npaj, kab ntim hluv, thiab kev tsim kho tib neeg uas tsis muaj zog. Raws li cov kev suav sawv cev tau published xyoo ntawm no hauv ib lub tsev hais tshwj xeeb hais txog kev tsim kho tshwj xeeb, tsuas yog qhov kawg ntawm temperatura tsawg dua 5 degrees Celsius hauv qhov chaw sib txawv ntawm lub extruder barrel kuj tuaj yeem nce qhov nqi sau npe los ntawm li 27%. Thaum lub melt heat ntau lossis tso tseg los ntawm qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws ntawm 240 thiab 260 degrees Celsius, yeej muaj ntau yam teeb meem ploj tawm xws li cov flow lines zoo li tsis zoo thiab die swell effects. Cov teeb meem no tsis yog yog tshwm sim zoo li cas lawm, tab sis kuj tseem ua rau kev tswj hauv chaw thiab kev tswj hauv chaw tsis zoo.

Cov Txheej Xwm Siv: Kev Tswj Hauv Chaw thiab Kev Nce Qhov Nruab Nrab ntawm Screw

Plej tau muab siv kev tso lub thawv faib phab 4, uas txhua qhov chaw muaj kev saib xyuas meej dua li sab dhau los. Qhov chaw 4 tuaj yeem tshuab ntau thiab tsuas yog 255 degrees Celsius, hlo sib npaug 1.5 degrees kom cov khoom sib tshooj tau zoo. Lawv tso lub screw speed nyob rau sab 85 thiab 90 revolutions per minute, uas pab cuam tshuab dej ua ntej tshwm sim vim muaj ntau zog tshav kub, thaum twg tseem tuaj yeem tshuab tau li 12 kilograms an hour. Nrhiav saib cov ntsiab lus ntawm infrared readings kuj pom ib yam txhais leej li: muaj qhov rooj tshuab tshav kub sib txwv 8 degrees tom qab lawv sim qhov kev tso no kompared to previous setups.

Qhov tshwm sim: Zoo dua hauv kev tshuab thiab kho kom tsawg dua qhov tsis xav tau

Tom qhia ua txoj kev txhim kho tag nrho, peb tau pom tias muaj kev pab hlo li. Qhov ceev ntau ntawm kev txuas ntxiv mus ib feem – tseem tshaj 18% ntuj npaum li 75 MPa mus rau 89 MPa. Nws txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv ASTM D638 uas xav tau rau tib neeg siv hauv kev tsim kho tsev tam sim no. Peb kuj tau pom tias muaj dab tsi zoo li cas nyob rau hauv tus lej ntawm cov khoom tsis siv tau. Tus lej no rov qab mus ib sab, yog li 4.2%, uas yog li 32% zoo dua li yav tas los. Thiab tsi txhob saib xyuas tus nqi khom tau rau khoom los. Txog $14k ib hnub ntuj li sai sai rau khoom tsis siv tau ib tug. Thaum lawv ua kev daws tib neeg sau npe, lawv pom tias txog 99 ntawm 100 lub khoom tau raug rau lub dav hlau. Hu ua tias tib neeg tsim khoom zoo! Kawg tshaj 10,000 meters tau soj kom meej thiab tib neeg tau raug tag nrho.

Cov theem tshiab nyob rau hauv kev saj zog saj teeb rau kev saj zog saj teeb rau kev tsim kho khoom ntim

AI-Driven Feedback Loops for Real-Time Adjustment of Extrusion Temperatures

Cov chaw tsim AI tshiab tuaj yeem txhim kho cov uas ntxuav dej hnyav los ntawm kev saib xyuas ntau yam li cas nyob rau hauv yam ntxuav, uas muaj qhov tseeb thiab meej ntau li 5%, thiab lawv kuj sau ceeb ntau txog yam ntxuav hlwb hlwb dhau los rau hauv tus tshuab. Cov lus nug tshawg tso caij nplooj ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom ua kom zoo dua tau 0.8 degrees Celsius raws li lub tsev pab pawg Plastics Engineering Journal tau piav tseg no niam no. Qhov no pab tiv thaiv yam ntxuav kom tsis txhob puav tseg thaum kev tsim kho mus ib hnub. Ib lub chaw loj tsim tshuab rooj zaum xeem tau pom qhov teeb meem nrog PA6 hlwb hlwb raug nqus qias tau dimin 30% tom qab siv cov profile kub no. Lawv tau sib xws npeev tsheej ntawm tus screw hauv tshuab nrog yam tiag tiag yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv txhua qhov chaw kub, uas ua rau muaj kev txhim kho zoo dua.

Iot Sensors thiab Kev Sau Ceeb Ntau rau kev tswj yam ntxuav zoo

Iot sensors nrog kev tshaj tawg sib txawv tua rau ib txwm ntawm cuaj txheej tuaj li 40 yam nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho. Lawv sau ntau yam li tso tawm khaub ncaws txog 0.2 bar thiab muab ntau yam kev tso tawm, uas pab tau rau kev kho kom raug thaum chaw tsim kho hloov. Kev sau ntau no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv uas muaj kev nyuaj siab li PVC, uas kev tswj xyuas kub txog peb degrees Celsius yog qhov txiav txim siab. Ntau tshuaj ntxig los ntawm 2023 tau qhia tias cov chaw tsim kho sib sau ntxiv tau tswj xyuas kev tsim kho zoo tib si rau txhua 8-teev tsim kho. Cov chaw no tau pab kom rov qab 18% lub zog per kilogram tsim, tsis txhob muab molecular structure ntawm polyamides los, uas yog qhov manufacturers xav kom meej zoo rau kev txhim kho khoom.