Kev tsim kho cov chaw tsham kub nyob hauv hnub no feem ntau tshwm sim los ntog cov roj teeb uas tsim kev pib tshaj tawm, uas feem ntau yog li ±0.15 mm lossis zoo dua. Ceev li cas txhais tau tias cov chaw no yuav ua haujlwm zoo? Lawv raug kho los ntawm kev coj tus cwj mem thiab sau temperature hauv cov chaw pib, uas pab faus cov polymer zoo ib yam rau hauv qhov khoom. Raw li kev xam txheej uas ASTM International tau pub tseg lawm xyoo no, thaum cov neeg tsim khoom hlo li cov mold precision rau kev tsim cov nylon strips, lawv pom muaj kev hlaws li 37% hauv qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov loj me ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib txawv kom rau qhov kev tsim khoom tau ntxiv. Vim li cas qhov no yuav tseem ceeb? Vim tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws txhais tau tias muaj kev ruaj khov zoo dua rau cov ntaj twg aluminum thiab cov rooj saub system uas thermal breaks yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Machina tso tseg ntxig zoo li cas rau PA66GF25, txhim kho cov teeb meem kuajvajtseb hluv hluv ntawm ±1.5°C hauv 8-teev siv neeg tsim khoom. Kev khoj no pab:
Thaum pib mus txog kev saib xyuas lub zog, cov cuab yeej tshuam meej siv kho rau kev tshuam meej tau zoo tshaj plaws, muaj tsuas yog 0.5% chal tuab nyob rau hauv qhov tseem ceeb tshaj 6.8% los ntawm cov cuab yeej tshaib hauv rap uas Advisory Board for Construction Materials piav los ntau tshaj ib xyoos dhau los. Cov cuab yeej no siv roj teeb kaw ntxhiab ntxhuam nrog ntoo hlwb ntoo uas muaj cov rooj hlwb leeg leeg kom sauv ceev zuj zus. Lub zog siv roj nrog cov duv ntoo tshuam meej yuav tsum tau sau ceev li 240 thiab 260 degrees Celsius. Qhov tshwm sim yog: lub zog muaj peev xwm zoo dua, ua rau muaj kev ruaj khov zoo dua thiab lub zog yuav nyob ntev dua rau txheej txheem hluv taws thiab lwm yam kev puas tsuaj los ntawm dej num.
Thaum cov chaw tsim khoom ua kev tshuab ntim rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm lawv tus kheej thim siab rau cov neeg siv khoom sab nraud, lawv txhagentsi cov sijhawm tiv thaiv 6 mus rau 8 vcs rau cov kab ntim kawg kub. Tom qab li, muaj feem ntau 15% ntawm cov nqis tshaj tawm hauv kev tu kom ncig, raws li Plastics Processing Quarterly tau piav los nug xyoo npog. Muaj chaw tsim khoom nyob ze tagnrho txhais tau tias cov chaw tsim khoom tuaj yeem hloov kho npe nrog siab thaum cov lej xaib xav tau ib yam tiag tiag. Thiab peb paub tseeb, tsis muaj leej twg xav tau ua le koj nrog kev pabcuam tshuaj ntxiv tam sim no. Cov teeb meem no tau ua rau poob plaws ntawm tag nrho cov kev khaum rau cov khoom siv rau qhov chaw nres tsheej hauv xyoo 2022, raws li cov neeg uas nyob hauv cheeb tsam tau hais dua ntxiv tshiab. Kev sib sau ua ke tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv cov teeb meem no.
Ib qhov chaw tsim khoom tshwj tsis nyob rau North America tau txo tus nqi tsim kho mob thermal break los ntawm li 30% tom qab muaj cov chais tsim kho tshwj tsis no hlo siv tau zoo dua li 18 xyoos. Lawv pib ua haujlwm nrog tag nrho lawv cov khoom siv dhau los, thiab tsim ib qhov kev pab cuam zoo nyob rau hauv chaw tsim kho, uas tau txo tus nqi khoom tsis zoo li 12% mus txog li 4%. Thaum lawv tshem tawm cov koom haum uas tau nce nqi khoom los ntawm li 22%, ces lawv tau nce tsoom nqi nyiag los ntawm kev tsim kho, tab sis tsis txav kev zoo ntawm khoom tsim kho. Txoj haujlwm no tsis yog yooj yim, nws xav tau kev hloov pauv ntau rau haujlwm thiab hu rau leej neej kom paub txog kev tsim kho tshiab.
Cov chav tsim tshuab siv cov ntaub qhov hlua thiab lub npej ntawm qhov kho rau kev pib los ntawm kev tsim tshuab tseemcees mus rau daim duab tshwj xeeb nrog li ntau kawg si 4 teev. Qhov kev tsim nyog no txhais tau tias cov chav tsim tshuab tuaj yeem tog ntxiv thaum muaj kev xa ib tug, txo li ntau hnub tshaj li cov chav tsim tshuab muaj pej xeem uas yuav tsum tau 3 mus rau 5 hnub kom pib dua. Rau cov neeg tsim khoom xav kom nthuav dav dua, yog tso ib qhov chaw ntxiv nrog chav tsim tshuab nyob ib saum dej ces lawv yuav muaj zog tsim khoom ntau ntxiv li 40% li. Qhov no zoo dua kev hu neeg los pib khoom tshiab uas feem ntau yuav tsum tau 12 hnub kom pib xa khoom.
Cov keeb kwm tshiab tshaj txaus tau muab rau lub lag luam mus rau qhov chaw siv hluv hlau siv los ua kom txias thiab cua sov tsis tuaj yeem dhau, uas muaj daim ntaub nrog tsob yooj yim lossis tsob tshaj txaus tseem tsum tiv thaiv kev siv ntau dua li 0.5mm lossis zoo dua, uas tshuaj ntxiv rau cov chaw siv hluv hlau tshiab uas neeg tsim khoom nyob ze yuav tsum tau siv. Txhawm rau xyuas ntxiv rau ib co kev suav los ntawm xyoo npog, hu rau kev kho tshuab, cov tsev uas siv cov chaw siv hluv hlau tsim nyog tau txo kev siv ntau thiab sov ntau dua li 18% dua li cov chaw siv hluv hlau tshwj tsis muaj leej twg muaj.
Thaum cov cuab yeej tsim kua ntoo tuaj yeem saib xyuas sijhawm rhaub zoo, lawv thiaj tuaj yeem siv rau kua ntoo tshwj xeeb zoo li polyamide muaj kev pab los tsim cov duab ntau yam, xws li chaw ntsug, chaw nqaj, thiab khoom siv los ntawm ntau yam khoom sib txawv. Qhov tsis hlo yog tias cov cuab yeej no muaj feem ntau thaum tsim cov chaw khiav dej uas xav tau qhov tso tawm siab li 35 MPa thiab sau tseg kev sib txuas ntawm dej sov saum 0.3 W ib meter Kelvin. Qhov nyob ib leeg no txheeb xyuas ob qhov tseem ceeb: tus cwj pwm thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo dua hauv kev lag luam, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev hauv ntau yam kev lag luam tam sim no.
I kev tsim tsev muaj 52 zaj chaw nyob hauv qhov chaw uas muaj kev ntxoov ntxoo siab tias yuav muaj kev nqus qhov av, yuav tsum muaj kev sib tshuam uas tuaj yeem ua ob qhov kev pab tseem ceeb ntawm ib hnub: kev sib tshuam thiab tseem tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ruaj khov. Kev tsim kho tau los ntawm kev siv cov rooj hlwb siv hlwb ntau yam ntxwv thiab muaj ntau qhov chaw sib tov kom sov mus rau kev tsim cov chaw sib tshuam uas muaj kab ntsug sib tshuam. Cov chaw sib tshuam no tau pom zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev sib tshuam uas muaj kev sib tshuam txog 0.25 W ib meter Kelvin thiab muaj kev ruaj siab txog 28 kilonewtons ib meter. Qhov kev ua no tuaj li ntau dua ASHRAE 90.1 thiab ASTM E283. Txhais tau tias tsev no yuav nyob zoo thiab meej pem thaum muaj kev txwv tsis zoo uas yuav tsis tuaj yeem rau cov khoom tsis zoo dua.
Hauv tsev nyob siv li 40% ntawm tag nrho qhov hluav taws xob hauv yoj yiaj los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv IEA los ntawm 2023, uas tau npuag siab tus tsim hauv tsev mus rau kev siv khoom zoo dua thaum cov luj lawm loj dua thiab cov txiaj ntsig sa dej sa suab loj dua. Cov chaw tshem tshem kheej tau muaj tseeb vim tias lawv tso kom tsis txhob loss hluav taws xob los ntawm cov rooj zaum thiab cov hauv tsev nruj, yam uas ntau tus neeg tsim hauv tsev sau sai khi lawv tab tom tsim cov hauv tsev LEED. Cov kev test nyob hauv cheeb tsam pom tias cov hauv tsev muaj cov kev tshem kheej no feem ntau yuav xav tau 18 mus 22% tsawg dua hauv kev siv hluav taws xob rau kev sov thiab kho tshod kom cool dua li cov hauv tsev tshaib. Yog li no kuj muaj kev tshawb fawv ntxiv vim tias kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg dua yog tias muaj kev lag luam tsawg dua txij li cas mus li, tsis yog tsuav yog tias muaj kev txaus siab rau lub ntiaj teb.
Cov chais tsim kho tshuab tsim tsoom rau cov khoom siv tseem ceeb xws li PA66 GF25 nrog kev sib txig sib luag hauv ±0.1 mm, thim suav tau tias tsis muaj qhov chaw tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov ib leeg aluminum thiab insulation cores. Txawv ntawm lwm qhov kev tswj hwm, qhov tseem ceeb no tiv thaiv cov qhov chaw leeg uas feem ntau pheej zog 12–15% ntawm kub nyob rau hauv qhov rooj window, ua rau kub meej ntxug dua.
Qhov muaj chaw tawg kub uas tsim los los taug kev tshuab tshuab ntau yam li 30% txog qhov tso kua nyiag nyiag hauv lub sijhawm peb hnub lim. Lawv ua li no los ntawm kom kub tsis tau dhau ntawm qhov kev tsim kho tseemceeb ntawm tsev neeg. Qhov muaj chaw no tau tsim los kom nyob ntev, khaws cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kub txog 95% tom qab ntev ntau xyoo nyob rau hauv sijhawm kub thiab tog raj kub. Vim tias lawv tsis tas tau hloov ntau, vim li no tsis muaj ntau dej tsuag tshwm sim thaum tsev neeg khiav pauv lossis hloov kho. Yog li no, nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo dua los kom reduce qhov tshwm sim rau hauv cheebtsam thaum twb tau txhawis tau standard kev tsim kho tshiab.
Xov xwm kub